The PNF was developed by H. Kabat (neurophysiologist) and M. Knott (physiotherapist).

It is more than a special treatment technique. Much more it is an analysis and treatment concept. It uses the physiological interaction between nerves and muscles.

The name is made up of three aspects:

1. Kinesthetic receptors (sensors for the sensation of movement), derived information to the central nervous system (essentially to the cerebrum and spinal cord). This “feeling” is called Proprioception. The term depth sensitivity or depth perception is often used also.
2. This information is forwarded via nerve fibers. For mobility optimal physiological neuromuscular transmission is required.
3. By utilizing physiological mechanisms and knowledge of motor skills and biomechanics, grip techniques are applied.

This must be done not necessarily by the removal of resistance. Thus, by so-called “management resistance” a movement, can be facilitating and so made possible at all. By variation of the resistance, of different speed and activation of the patient, a movement is initiated.

With the objective, the PNF uses no isolated movements such as armpits, leg extensions, etc., but more complex patterns of activity of daily living (Activities of Daily iving, ADL). For example, an independent standing, walking, climbing stairs, etc..

Although the range of applications of the PNF is very broad, it is often prescribed in conjunction with neurological disorders. Typical applications include:

• Multiple sclerosis

• Parkinson’s disease

• Paraplegia

• Head injury

• stroke (cerebrovascular accident)

• After joint surgery

• sports accidents